An impact event is a collision between celestial objects causing
measurable effects. Impact events have physical consequences and have
been found to regularly occur, though typically relatively small and
involving asteroids, comets or meteoroids. When terrestrial planets such
as Earth are involved in large impact events, there can be physical and
biospheric consequences, though atmospheric entry mitigates most
surface impacts. Impact events have played a significant role in the
evolution of the Solar System since the beginning and in the origins and
evolution of the Earth. Major impact events have significantly shaped
Earth’s history, have been implicated in the formation of the Earth–Moon
system, the evolutionary history of life, the origin of water on Earth
and several mass extinctions. Impact craters are the result of impact
events on solid objects and as the dominant landforms on many of the
System’s solid objects and provide the most solid evidence of
prehistoric events. Notable impact events include the Late Heavy
Bombardment, which occurred early in history of the Earth–Moon system
and the Chicxulub impact, 65 million years ago, believed to be the cause
of the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event.
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